Saturday, November 28, 2020

La Semaine Dernière A Mes Yeux

(19 novembre --- 25 novembre)

Selon un reportage, un éléphant a été tué par balles à Chattogram. A Cox's Bazar, 3 éléphants dont un électrocuté ont été tués par l'homme en novembre. Le bureau de forêt s'est dit que 11 éléphants avaient été tués par l'homme année actuelle.

Selon un reportage, une série de l'incendie a causé assez dégâts aux bidonvilles de Dacca. Bidonvilles de Mohammadpur, de Kalshi et de Mohakhali ont fait sujet de l'incendie hivernale. Bidonville de Mohammadpur appartenait à groupe Bihari, urdophones de Bangladesh. Les ouvriers ont ouvert une enquête sur cause de l'incendie.

Selon un reportage, un garçon a été tué par balles à Lohagora , Chattogram. Le coup de feu provenait d' un fusil de chasseur.

Selon un reportage, l'Arabie Saoudite a exprimé la volonté de mettre en place 560 mosquées et centre culturel islamique à travers de pays.

Selon un reportage, tout le Bangladesh est en deuil en écoutant le décès de vedette footballeur argentin Maradona. Son décès a fait une dans tous les quotidiens bangladais. Après Mother Teresa, Bangladesh a pleuré pour une vedette internationale comme ça. Cela montre la puissance de sport et comment le sport gagnent les coeurs de gens en franchissant les frontières internationales.

Selon un reportage, Singapour a expulsé 15 Bangladais pour avoir exprimé solidarité avec attentat terroriste en France et montré idéologie rigide dans les comptes de réseau social.

Thursday, November 26, 2020

Man Vs Wild -II

Strange incidents perish 4 elephants in November.
Reasons of the killing no one bothers to remember.
Redesigning the policy and education hold the key
To change attitude towards the wild in vicinity.

Another disturbing piece of news revealed that an elephant was shot dead in Lohagora upazila of Chattogram. This month alone witnessed killing of three elephants in Cox's Bazar. One of them was electrocuted. Though the news report did not disclose the cause of the killing, some miscreants nowadays indulged in elephant killing on too many occasions. Department of forestry and IUCN, as the news report reported, claimed that 11 elephants had been killed in 2020.

It is a shame that this cruelty have been continuing unabated for some years. I was taken aback by another news of BBC. The story said a baby elephant fell inside a well in a village in Tamilnadu, India. Villagers and firefighters did everything to rescue the trapped elephant. Visibly different actions from two culturally close groups of people.

There is no denying that demographics, vegetation, villagers' behavior towards strangers, villagers' behavior towards animal have gone through rapid changes since the influx of Rogingyas. Forests located near the frontier transformed. In the face of accommodation need and agricultural activities, forests waned.Vegetation became thinner. Paddy fields invaded elephant tracks. Poor souls in search of foods trampled along the paddy fields, damaged thatched roofs and killed few villagers, causing worries to farmers. But recent killings did not hint that these were acts of angry villagers. In fact, villagers reported the killings.

Unwarranted hatred and tortures meted out to the elephants need to be probed. Investigative should be started to find out why the recent killings took place.

In one of my earlier pieces titled " Man Vs Wild" , I argued how sustenance of population encroached on forest lands.So habitats for animals are fast disappearing to feed the hungry population. Elephant tracks that straddled along both sides of the border for decades after decades also fell victim to this.

Humans have the ability to find new place to stay, to find new land to till, to convert wild forests into cultivable land, to cut trees to make firewood and to search and grow new crop when the existing ones became hard to find to fill stomach. Unfortunately poor creatures like elephants lack this ability. So they continue to maraude paddy fields, to knock out banana trees, steal crops and attack anything that causes obstacle on its way.

Failure to create symbiotic relationship between man and the wild lies in the flawed incentive structure in our development policies. Redesigning the incentive structure could easily save lives of endangered species and secure their habitats as well. At the same time, agricultural land, small commerce, villages situated in the vicinity of the habitat could also get benefits.

A peasant who receives regular allowance /grant for the damage or loss he sustained from trampling of wild animals will not cause any harm to them. Instead he took great care of them. In addition, he will take great care to the habitats of the animals.

Incentives can be given in many forms. For instance, a village located near a forest can be subject of a school stipend program for children of villagers so that they continue their education. The aim of the stipend program is to induce villagers to take an amiable stance towards the wild.

Financing such incentive programs will not be a difficult task as many bad projects swallow hard-earned money of the tax payers. Diverting these funds to finance the incentive structure will not be a difficult task. Scope of such programs will be small compared to other social security programs as forests are receding fast.

Many primitive society still displays far more greater responsibility towards the nature and the wild than us. In Africa, parents of a newborn of a primitive society take the umbilical cord to a nearby forest and bury it. The ritual is performed so that the baby develops a strong bond to mother nature and performs its duty diligently at later stages of its life.

Education can also play a role to develop some kind of responsibility towards the wild. Textbooks in elementary schools can incorporate stories, fables that inculcate students about rights of animals, developing fondness towards them, importance of protecting their habitats. Education and grooming at an early stage can make a lot of difference in our behavior towards animal and nature at later stages. Incident in Tamilnadu and that in Lohagora furnish the evidence. It is imperative that government and policy makers revise their incentive structure and redesign the policies to protect the wild.

Friday, November 20, 2020

La Semaine Dernière A Mes Yeux

Selon un reportage, Facebook a déposé plainte contre une société bangladaise pour avoir mené un site au Bangladesh en falsifiant la marque de Facebook.

Selon un reportage, un cambriolage s'est déroulé dans une banque publique à Chuadanga. Les cambrioleurs sont arrivés à voler Tk 500.000 depuis la banque.

Selon un reportage, le site statistique Worldometers est classé Bangladesh 5ème parmi les pays de l'Asie où plus de cas de covid-19 ont été enregistrés.

Selon un reportage, des ouvrières d'un atelier de confection se sont insurgées contre l'autorité d' atelier en Jordanie. Elles demandent revalorisation leurs salaires. Cadavre d'une ouvrière à côté de la rue a provoqué la manifestation.

Selon un reportage, le gouvernement a donné Tk 59,06 milliards à 390 villages pour refaire les rues endommagées par inondations fréquentes, pluies torrentielles. Bangladesh a connu assez inondations et pluies torrentielles dans l'année actuelle.

Selon un reportage, la force élite bangladaise a appréhendé un homme pour avoir menacé de tuer vedette cricketeur Sakib al Hasan. Sakib a récemment participé à une soirée de prière dans un temple de Kali à Kolkata, ville indienne avoisinant de Bangladesh. La personne fanatique a menacé le cricketeur de tuer en montrant une machette dans une vidéo diffusée dans son compte de Facebook.

Selon un reportage, le parlement bangladais a dit oui à projet de loi qui augmente la peine encourue pour viol à mort.

Selon un autre reportage,une cour bangladaise a condamné une personne à prison à vie pour avoir violé une universitaire en janvier cette année.

Selon un reportage, un couple américain, originaire du Bangladesh, ont été appréhendé par police pour avoir financé deux djihadistes de Daech.

Selon un reportage, Facebook a déposé plainte contre une société bangladaise pour avoir mené un site au Bangladesh en falsifiant la marque de Facebook.

Wednesday, November 18, 2020

Cost Of Hiding The True Cost

Funds allocated to flood-hit roads.
True cost of damage often remains untold.
Stealing public fund gains acceptance in society.
Independent body can reveal project's nitty-gritty.

A news report says government allocated Tk 59.06 billion to 390 upazillas, administrative units bigger than village, in a bid to repair damaged roads, bridges and embankment. Frequent flooding, torrential rain and cyclone Amphan inflicted serious damages to rural infrastructure. The allocation will address the losses resulting from calamities and bring back them to operational level, as anticipated by the policy makers. Post-disaster period sees this kind of damage-repairing investments. We are accustomed to it. Will that money be spent properly and to the projects for which the money is assigned? Past experience does not leave reason to be optimistic. Free season of corruption is going on.

In the first week of November, Transparency International Bangladesh in one of its reports found that 54% of the funds allocated to 7 climate change related projects were misappropriated. Management of the projects based on political consideration, swindling of money, nepotism and deception are common characteristics of the doomed projects. Governance has not improved at a remarkable level that assures one that similar fate does not await the road-repair projects.

Another thing to take note is how the assessment of the damage was done. If news report was the source of the damaged figure then how did the cost of the damage apprise? Often the houses do not have means to verify the claims of the damage independently. If the government officials did the damage assessment then inflating the damage figure went along well with their interests. It ensures relatively bigger share of the pie for the cohorts. Government has a monitoring and evaluation department. But rarely it appears with embarrassing findings and shares it with the press. Private NGO like TIB takes the onus of revealing the uncomfortable findings of public office.

It is obvious that there is no transparent and trustworthy mechanism within the government that spills the beans of impartial investigation / evaluation.Lack of political will also remains a source of worry and pain. Entrenched political atmosphere made even that prospects grimmer.

Back in 2009-10, Annual Development Expenditures (ADP) on transport and communication were Tk 22.42 billion and Tk 2.71 billion respectively. The expenditures stood at Tk 216.57 billion and Tk 22.69 billion respectively in 2016-17. (Source: BER 20 The figures capture commitment of the government to these two sectors. Spending increased couple of times more than what it was in 2009-10. It is important to note that many development partners also invested in these two sectors and credit they gave also reflected in ADP(revised). Government is merely an implementing / supervising body of the projects here. People of the country have to repay the loans and interests irrespective of quality of the projects. Now here comes the million dollar question: did the people get desired utility from the spending on transport and communication sector?

Ease of travel, hassle-free travel sound like bygone era talks to regular travelers. Safety is not ensured as more and more precious lives perish on roads every day. Consumers and producers of vital goods and services do not get benefit from linking of growth centers and consumption centers. Natural calamities, river erosion could be mentioned as reasons for damages to roads and communication infrastructure. But it does not necessarily mean that our roads will become useless in such a short span of time. Flash flood does not mean to wash away a road.

Quality of projects and reporting of the true cost/ damage have remained serious concern to those who feel pretty bad about waste of tax payers' money. It has been taken as granted that the public fund is meant to be stolen. So the cost of a project or damage to an infrastructure remains buried deep down the list of priority.

At a time when the media is coerced and cornered, no one bothers about a report on washed away embankment cost an astonishing sum. While hard working and true Tax and VAT payers pay the price of such corrupted projects out of their own pockets, precedents of future corruption are set.

In a country where corruption is rampant and society tolerates stealing of public fund , creation of a strong evaluation and reporting body of public fund financed projects is call of the hour.

In Bangladesh we see some state organs are accountable, but some remains immune from any kind of accountability. Let's elaborate the point with an hypothetical example. Think of an office with many departments that are accountable to management except one department.

Corrupt officials of that department will use the leverage to spread corruption within the department and to other departments. They will find kindred spirits in other departments and in connivance with them they will start to swell cosmetically the spending of the departments. At the end of the day, cost of no accountability in one department increases spending of the company many times and fills the coffer of the corrupts. This is not desirable at all.

In Bangladesh, we have a tendency to copycat anything from the West. Unfortunately, we do not take cue from the West the shining examples of governance and accountability. Unchecked project implementation is tantamount to waste public money and a great disservice to the taxpayers.

Thursday, November 12, 2020

La Semaine Dernière A Mes Yeux

Selon un reportage, le groupe indigène Mro s'est insurgé contre construction d'un hôtel à Bandarban. Des gens indigènes craignent que l'hôtel les expulse depuis leurs villages natales.

Selon un reportage, police a appréhendé 3 universitaires pour avoir gardé et vendu des images nues des adolescentes aux sites pornographiques. 3 pays ont demandé info à Bangladesh à ce propos.

Selon un reportage, la cour d'appel a donné son aval à recueillir impôt, TVA depuis les plateformes de réseau social.

Selon un reportage, incendie dans une cimetière à Narayanganj a brûlé 5 ouvriers.

Selon un reportage, police bangladaise a fait une requête à Interpol pour trouver et appréhender un trafiquant de l'homme. Police a reçu beaucoup de plaintes contre lui.

Selon un reportage, des gens inconnus ont mis 9 bus à feu dans plusieurs endroits à Dacca. Une bi-élection législative s'est déroulée dans une circonscription électorale à Dacca en ce moment là.

Selon un reportage, encore une fois établissement scolaire est tombé victime de la mesure sanitaire. Le gouvernement a prolongé la fermeture des écoles jusqu'au 19 décembre.

Wednesday, November 11, 2020

Flaws In ICT Policy

Export market is the focus of ICT policy.
Job creation and investment remains unfulfilled prophecy.
Local market offers alley to prosper.
Tax social media to fill NBR coffer.

Two news stories laid bare debacle of digitization policies of the government. First one is about the state-of-the-art ICT center in Jessore, a far away district from the capital city of Dhaka. It was envisioned during the time of its conception that it would bring investment, create jobs for IT professionals. For the moment that goal has not yet been realized.Tk305 crore worth of infrastructure fetched Tk60 crore investment and generated employment of 1400 persons. It was expected to create jobs for 5000 persons. COVID-19 severely hampered operations of the IT firms. Many were forced to wind down their businesses due to lack of foreign orders. Its auditorium is being rented for holding marriage ceremonies. In a nutshell, the IT facility has failed to live up to its utility till to date.

The other story is about government's disappointment to get tax revenues from social media platforms. A recent high court ruling made it clear that these platforms have to pay taxes to the government on their earnings in the local market. However, government lacks tools to enforce them to obey tax rules. Ad revenues from social media platforms are on the rise. But government cannot monitor the ad earnings of the platforms. Even it is incapable of calculating the right taxes based on the earnings.

One of the major drawbacks of government's policy is that its reliance and too much importance attached to external market. Sheer success of readymade garments and textile industry guides the government to adopt policies to earn more dollars. But the truth is such policies miserably failed to diversify the export bucket, RMG still accounts two-third of export earnings, and to churn out adequate IT professionals.

Government instead should explore the domestic market. Addressing the challenges of domestic market should be the goal of our ICT policy. Areas are plenty: education, agriculture, health, manufacturing, transport and governance could offer alleys for the development of our ICT sector.

In one of my earlier pieces, I elaborated how applications aimed at elementary school students could facilitate learning process. Government policy should be directed towards nudging educational institutes and parents to use extensively these educational contents. Number of smartphone users is on the rise. Clearly such applications have wide base of users. All the government needs to do is to formulate policies in that end. Education alone offers enough opportunities for the growth of our ICT sector and can put it into a firm footing.

Health sector can also play a role in popping up the ICT sector. Just a year ago I wrote a piece where I underscored developing a homegrown medical scribing sector. Every day hundreds of thousands of handwritten prescriptions are generated across the country. If we were able to document them digitally, our policy makers and health professionals would have better understanding of our health sector. Real time data could plug in the holes in government spending, lay bare lack of equipments and medicines in health facility, track outbreak of seasonal diseases, health situation of a particular region. More importantly it will contribute creating a health database.

Knowledge on spreadsheet and high-school-level biology is enough to be a medical scriber. Thousands of students could work as medicato earn pocket money.

Similarly, thousands of general diary are being filed in the police station across the country. Ministry of Interior could outsource the task of creating a digital version of the diary. Law enforcement authorities will get data in short span of time when that database comes into effect. This will create opportunities for many outside data entry operator or firms.

There are many public offices that could offer ICT opportunities in stage-reducing and time-shortening processes of certain tasks. Apart from that government should encourage public offices to use homegrown word-processing and spreadsheet application, encrypted messaging services,statistical software, surveillance solution, billing system etc. This kind of policy change will lead the local firms to embark upon creating ICT solutions for local market. At the same time, government will have far greater control and understanding of ICT related changes and challenges that is encountering now over taxing the social media platforms.

It appears that government has little means to gauge ad revenues in the social media platforms. To keep a tab on the revenue generated in the social media, government can let the platforms open offices in Bangladesh and make it obligatory to make the ad payments through the country office.

Another way, a bit harsh, to get revenue from social media platforms is to impose fee on their use. Government can make it compulsory for citizens to pay a certain fee for the use of social media. Monthly or annual subscription can be offered. With valid NIDs , the fees can be paid to a government assigned number/outlet/bank. Mobile SIM or broadband subscription registered with that NID will be allowed to use social media.

Ignoring the local market, designing policies to capture foreign market will not bring the desired change.Grooming of IT professionals will not be what it was anticipated at the time decision was taken. It was one of the reasons mentioned by an outgoing investor in that news story. Searching areas in other sectors for potential growth could be the right way to develop the ICT industry and update government's IT capability.

Friday, November 6, 2020

La Semaine Dernière A Mes Yeux

(28 octobre --- 5 novembre)

Selon un reportage, incendie a ravagé une bidonville à Kalyanpur, Dacca. La tragédie a touché 100 familles.

Selon un reportage, incendie a détruit un entrepôt d'ampoule électrique, situé au 10ème étage dans un bâtiment, à Matuaïl, Dacca.

Selon un reportage, le plateforme des groupes minoritaires dans une conférence de presse s'est dit que 17 gens minoritaires avaient été tués et 27 statues de déesse avaient été détruites pendant 7 mois de confinement. Le plateforme a aussi demandé d'introduire une loi pour protéger les groupes minoritaires au Bangladesh.

Selon un reportage, police koweïtienne a appelé un ancien secrétaire adjoint de ministère de l'Intérieur dans une écoute contre un député bangladais qui a été appréhendé pour trafic de gens.

Selon un reportage, l'ONG de l'anti-corruption,TIB, dans son rapport constate que 54% de fonds de 7 projets sur changement climatique ont été escroqué.

Tuesday, November 3, 2020

In Search Of Cheap Hostel

A city thriving on black money
Has hotels, apartments and bouts of felony.
No safe space for woman, traveler and worker.
Cheap hostel of city authority could be the answer.


Thousands of people travel across the country for different purposes every day. Part of them reside in the houses of their dear ones and large part of them rent hotel rooms for temporary stay. Stat on number of hotel rooms, be it cheap or luxurious, is not available. Travelers find it difficult to find cheap accommodation in Bangladeshi cities. Tourism corporation, a government entity, operates some hotels that are mostly scattered across tourist hotspots.

So cheap accommodation in Dhaka and mofussil towns is rare and inaccessible to most of the travelers.

A look at Dhaka's hotel accommodations reveals that most of them are meant for well-to-do-of travelers. But the capital city also houses daily wage earners and residents who constitute 80% of Dhaka city dwellers.Many stay here for more than a month to earn money and remit it back home in other parts of Bangladesh. But these people are lacking decent place to stay and food at an affordable price.

The condition for working women is somewhat nightmarish. Only few hostels are available for them. A religious charitable organization came forward to address the matter. However, the initiative is pretty small to cover huge demand of accommodation.

In recent years, a Chinese joint venture however showed the way how to do this kind of service oriented business. Its quality of service is good but it is not targeted towards the vast working class who mostly dwell in slums. Even in the Moghul era rulers built cheap accommodation across the subcontinent for travelers.

Last year back in November and December I did a small survey among the rickshaw pullers in Dhaka. I found that on average they spent 10-40% of their monthly earnings on house rent. Most these money went into wrong hands.

The money in turn contributed to the deterioration of law & order. Most of these slums were set up in public and private properties and lack proper sanitation and basic amenities. In addition, crores of Takas worth of utility bills do not end up in government coffer.

Whatever the reasons for their arrival, the seasonal worker, climate refugee, lone wanderer have right to get decent accommodation, food and amenities.

Unlike other countries, government and private sectors are conspicuously absent in accommodation services. I am not stressing on setting up luxury hotels for foreign tourists who are very rare in this country. I underscore cheap accommodation that an average daily wage earner can afford. Think of a huge hostel that offers common dining, toilet, laundry service and kitchen. And the services it offer are reasonably priced.

If such accommodation were widely available , then people making a brief stopover and seasonal workers might pay much less as rent what they are paying now.

Dhaka's real estate boom,fuelled by undocumented money, has little solution to address this problem. People dominate the business are concerned with optimization of the flat size so that the undocumented money will be legalized quickly. They bother little to invest in this kind of cheap hospitality business. More luxury flat sale means more black money manages to come in legal channel.

Dhaka has become an overcrowded big slum that is invading the surrounding areas. Since the city corporations have the means and authority to set up this kind of settlement they can embark on investing in this kind of hostel-like accommodation in association with private companies. The benefits are multipronged: cash strapped city corporation will get the much needed fund, utility companies will get bills, travelers and seasonal workers will get cheap and safe place to stay and decent meal, government and city corporations will keep a close tab on who enters the city and who gets out by maintaining a database, identifying the target people migrated to the city for social security programs, and hygiene and calm ambiance can be easy to maintain.

The city corporation operated hostel will set precedent for private companies to invest their money in this sector.

Another great advantage of operating such service is that city corporation in collaboration with the police can start services like lost & found. This kind of services are pretty common in metropolitan cities. Unfortunately, this kind of service is not available in this part of the world. In addition, community library, community health campaign could be launched more effectively and efficiently in such hostels.

Apart from city corporations, Bangladesh Internal Water Transport Authority (BIWTA) could also play a role in addressing this problem. BIWTA operates terminal and landing stations across the city. It also possesses and houses launches and vessels that are no longer in operation. These vessels could easily be converted into cheap hotels in the light of public and private partnership.

Both the BIWTA and city corporation can offer the cheap accommodation services to other cities. For instance, Dhaka City corporations may ink deal with other districts whose residents come here in drove in search of informal jobs to set up cheap hostels in those cities. The accommodation facility will be solace to cheap travelers from Dhaka and serve as resource center for district municipal authority.

Since 2010 , Dhaka has fallen into the hands of organized criminal groups. To make it woman friendly, traveler friendly, working class friendly, elected city authorities should be given more authority. City corporations should exercise power to set up cheap accommodation for travelers and workers curbing undesired influence of vested quarter.